A Note On Tooth Development(Odontogenesis)......With Diagrams and Interactive Videos

Odontogenesis

Tooth formation is highly regulated at the molecular level

• terminal differentiation of specific cell types

• epithelial-mesenchymal interactions

• secretion of specific extracellular matrices

• controlled processing of those matrices

• regulation of ion deposition

• mineralization of the dental tissues

Tooth Formation is dependent on

Genetic Factors

   Hundreds to several thousand genes likely involved (polygenic)

Tooth development is represented by four stages: bell stage (A), initial protein-matrix secretion (B), regression of dental epithelium (D), and tooth eruption (E). Sagittal sections were stained with alcian blue, hematoxylin, and eosin. Arrowheads, dental epithelium. Asterisks, artificial gaps. (Scale bars: 10 μm.) ISH analysis revealed the expression of SCPP1 (G),SCPP2 (H), SCPP3A (I), SCPP3B (J), SCPP4 (K), SCPP5 (L), COL1 (M), and SPARC(N) in various developmental stages. The expression of SCPP genes is summarized for the initial secretory stage (C) and for the eruption stage (F). IDE, inner dental epithelium; IPE, inner pharyngeal epithelium; Ms, mesenchyme expressing COL1 and SPARC; Od, odontoblasts; ODE, outer dental epithelium; OPE, outer pharyngeal epithelium; PRM, protein matrix.

Environmental Factors

    Nutrition

    Physical phenomenon

    Infection

Molecular Determinants of Tooth Formation

• Over 10,000 genes involved in making a tooth

• Most genes involved in odontogenesis are expressed in non-dental tissues

• Some genes are relatively specific for development of the dental tissues (e.g. amelogenin gene)

Environmental Influences of Environmental Influences of Amelogenesis

• Nutrition

       Major and minor components

• Calcium, phosphorus, protein, fluoride etc…

• Hypoxia

• Hyperthermia

• Infection

         Congenital rubella, syphillus, CMV, etc…

• Physical Determinants

        Space

        Trauma

Interactions Leading to Developmental Dental Defects

Stages Required for Tooth Formation

• Initiation

• Histodifferentiation

• Morphodifferentiation

• Apposition

      Secretory Phase

      Transition Phase

      Maturation Phase

• Stages are not discrete for any given tooth. 

• Teeth develop over years beginning with the coronal portion of the crown. 

• Can be mineralizing at the cusp tips while cervically cells are differentiating.

Tooth Devolopment 3D video to understand tooth development


Tooth Development Video Explanation using Diagrams


Histology Of Tooth Development Video